「从摇篮到摇篮」美国绿色建筑的鼻祖,这个时代最伟大的生态建筑师

 「从摇篮到摇篮」美国绿色建筑的鼻祖,这个时代最伟大的生态建筑师
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美国航天局可持续发展中心/NASA Sustainability Base. Image Courtesy of William McDonough + Partners
聚焦:威廉?麦唐纳
Spotlight: William McDonough
威廉?麦唐纳(William McDonough)出生于1951年2月20日,为我们提供了新的视野去重新看待人类世界,他是建筑师、设计师、作家、教育家、社会领袖,有时候也会被称为是“我们这个时代最顶尖的生态建筑师”。
通过他的“从摇篮到摇篮(Cradle to Cradle)”理论,麦唐纳的设计作品都具有特殊的使用寿命,在建筑拆除之后,各部分材料会被分解、并重归大自然,最后重新被使用以解决其他设计问题。
Sometimes referred to as “the leading environmental architect of our time,” in his roles as architect, designer, author, educator and social leader, William McDonough (born 20 February 1951) has provided a renewed look at the things that we make and their impact on both our bodies and the world.
Through his Cradle to Cradle philosophy, McDonough’s buildings are designed to function for a predetermined lifespan, after which they can be broken down into their various parts whose core elements can be used anew to solve a different design problem.
 「从摇篮到摇篮」美国绿色建筑的鼻祖,这个时代最伟大的生态建筑师
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? Marta Chierego – World Economic Forum
麦唐纳在达特茅斯学院和耶鲁大学完成他的学业之后,于1981年在纽约开设了自己的建筑事务所,该事务所现在名为威廉?麦唐纳建筑事务所(William McDonough + Partners)。
他职业生涯早期的项目包括爱尔兰的太阳能小屋以及1985年受美国环保协会委托在纽约设计的第一栋“绿色办公室”,他早年的这些建筑实践中,可持续性是他重点关注和研究的主题。
EDF简报对空气质量提出了严格的要求,促使麦唐纳开始将其毕生精力投入到了对绿色健康材料的研究之中。
麦唐纳的设计开启了美国绿色建筑之路,并且促成了美国绿色建筑委员会(US Green Building Council)的成立。
Upon finishing his architectural education at Dartmouth and Yale, McDonough opened his own firm, now called William McDonough + Partners, in 1981 in New York City.
Sustainability became a theme early in his career, with projects including the design of a solar house in Ireland, and in 1985, the commission for the first “green office” in New York for the Environmental Defense Fund.
The EDF brief called for strict air quality requirements, prompting McDonough to begin his lifelong investigation into healthy materials.
McDonough’s design set in motion the trend of green building in the United States and lead to the formation of the US Green Building Council.
 「从摇篮到摇篮」美国绿色建筑的鼻祖,这个时代最伟大的生态建筑师
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American University School of International Service. Image ? Prakash Patel/William McDonough + Partners
唐纳德在接下来的10年中先后设计了Herman Miller的“绿房”工厂办公室(1995年)、Gap公司的企业园(1997年)、耐克公司欧洲总部(1999年)、奥伯林学院(Oberlin College)的Adam Joseph Lewis环境研究中心(Adam Joseph Lewis Center for Environmental Studies ,2001年);同时唐纳德也于1992年发表了第一篇关于可持续设计方面的论文“The Hannover Principles: Design for Sustainability”。这段时间的实践和研究让他看见了可持续设计更加长远和多样的未来。

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