《生物化学与分子生物学》 膜受体的分类

随着越来越多的膜表面受体被纯化,其结构及转导信号的方式逐步得以阐明 。目前,按照受体的结构及其作用方式可将其分为三大类 。这三大类受体在配体种类、受体的一般结构和功能及细胞对之发生反应的方式上有所不同,见表21-2 。
Table 21-2 Classification of MembraneReceptors:Characteristics of Three Groups of Receptors
CharacteristicsIon Channel ReceptorsG-Protein-Linked receptorsRecetpors with a Single Transmembrane DomainEndogenous ligandsNeurotransmitterNeurotransmitterGrowth factor hormone  HormoneCytokine  Auloacoid   Chemotactic factor   Exogenous stimulant StructureOligomer with a poreProbably monomerMonomer of oligoner   with (±)catalytic   domainNumber of transmemFour per subunitSevenOne per subunitbane segments   FunctionIon channelActivation of G proteinsTyrosine kinase   Giuanylate cyclase(?)Cellular responsesDepolarization orDepolarization orRegulation of functionhyperpolarizationhyperpolarizationand expression of  Regulation of functionproteins  and expression ofProliferation or  proteinsdifferentiation

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